Bacterial wound infections are among the most frequent infections acquired in healthcare settings.
The widespread use and overuse of antibiotics have contributed to the rise of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains.
The cytotoxicity of the fabricated nanofibers was assessed by MTT assay on the L929 fibroblast cell line.
The results demonstrated that the electrospun Cip-BG-Cs/Gel/PEO scaffold and bilayer scaffold significantly inhibited one-day biofilm formation of both bacterial strains compared to the control group.
The study concludes that the fabricated nanofibers effectively inhibit bacterial biofilm formation by MRSA and P. aeruginosa.
Bacterial wound infections are among the most frequent infections acquired in healthcare settings. The widespread use and overuse of antibiotics have contributed to the rise of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains. Thus, it becomes essential to find alternative therapeutic strategies that can both accelerate wound healing and provide potent bactericidal effects. Electrospun nanofiber scaffolds of polycaprolactone (PCL)/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and vancomycin (Van) (Van-Ag-PAN/PCL), chitosan (Cs)/gelatin (Gel)/polyethylene oxide (PEO) containing bioactive glass nanoparticles (BG) and ciprofloxacin (Cip) (Cip-BG-Cs/Gel/PEO) besides a bilayer nanofiber scaffold were fabricated and charachterized. Surface properties, antioxidant activity, and biocompatibility were evaluated using contact angle measurements, antioxidant assays, and hemolysis tests, respectively. The cytotoxicity of the fabricated nanofibers was assessed by MTT assay on the L929 fibroblast cell line. The antimicrobial effectiveness of the fabricated nanofibers against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was investigated in vitro using disk diffusion methods, along with evaluations of biofilm formation inhibition and eradication capabilities. The results demonstrated that the electrospun Cip-BG-Cs/Gel/PEO scaffold and bilayer scaffold significantly inhibited one-day biofilm formation of both bacterial strains compared to the control group. Regarding one-day biofilm removal, the Van-Ag-PAN/PCL, Cip-BG-Cs/Gel/PEO and bilayer scaffolds exhibited high efficiency, achieving 66.3%, 68% and 69.3% eradication in MRSA and 34%, 69%, and 70% eradication in P. aeruginosa, respectively. The scaffolds were biocompatible and showed no cytotoxicity on L929 fibroblast cells. Their high antioxidant activity and lack of hemolysis confirm the strong potential of these materials for biotechnological applications. The study concludes that the fabricated nanofibers effectively inhibit bacterial biofilm formation by MRSA and P. aeruginosa. Their strong antibacterial properties suggest potential use in reducing hospital-acquired infections and in applications such as drug delivery, tissue regeneration, and wound dressings, due to their controlled and sustained release of bioactive compounds for improved therapeutic outcomes.
