Competing interestsThe authors declare no competing interests.
All experiments were conducted using the publicly available, de-identified BraTS-PEDs dataset, which does not contain any personally identifiable information.
Use of AI-assisted toolsDuring the preparation of this manuscript, AI-assisted tools (including large language models) were used for translating the initial Korean draft into English and for refining the language and grammar of the resulting text.
The author reviewed and edited all AI-generated outputs to ensure accuracy and takes full responsibility for the final content of the manuscript.
No AI tools were used in the study design, data collection, analysis, or interpretation of results.
Competing interests
The authors declare no competing interests.
Ethics statement
No ethics approval was required for this study. All experiments were conducted using the publicly available, de-identified BraTS-PEDs dataset, which does not contain any personally identifiable information. No human participants or animals were directly involved in this research.
Use of AI-assisted tools
During the preparation of this manuscript, AI-assisted tools (including large language models) were used for translating the initial Korean draft into English and for refining the language and grammar of the resulting text. The author reviewed and edited all AI-generated outputs to ensure accuracy and takes full responsibility for the final content of the manuscript. No AI tools were used in the study design, data collection, analysis, or interpretation of results.
